The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage incineration, and relates to a garbage incineration flame recognition and control method. Operation of incineration equipment is adjusted by collecting an incineration flame mode, so that the optimal incineration state is obtained. The method mainly comprises the steps of position coding, image collecting, brightness recognition, recognition adjustment and adjustment control, specifically, the all-around flame condition in an incinerator can be collected through a plurality of arranged anti-explosion cameras; the air volume of garbage incineration flames in specific positions can be pointedly adjusted through a plurality of fans and air outlets, and the fans and the air outlets correspond to serial numbers; and the incineration flame mode and the standard mode are compared so that the flame combustion mode can be recognized and displayed to guide operation of workers, moreover, incineration in the incinerator can be adjusted through other arranged devices, and thus the incinerator can be in the optimal incineration state. According to the garbage incineration flame recognition and control method, the principle is simple, the control device structure is reasonable, and the application environment is friendly.