The invention relates to a detection system for a bearing block of a thrust ball bearing. The detection system comprises a conveying device used for conveying a to-be-detected bearing block to a set position, a pushing and feeding device used for pushing the bearing block conveyed by the conveying device to a first station, a nozzle flushing device used for washing out the bearing block, a groove depth measuring device used for measuring the depth of a groove in the bearing block, an inner diameter measuring device used for measuring the radius of an inner ring of the bearing block, an outer diameter measuring device used for measuring radius of an outer ring of the bearing block, a qualified product blanking and turning-over device used for turning over the side surface of the bearing block each measurement parameter of which is qualified and transmitting the bearing block to a sorting device, the sorting device used for sorting the qualified bearing block, and a bearing block pushing and pulling transmission device used for sequentially transmitting the bearing block below each device to the next station. The detection system provided by the invention is compact in structure, precise in measurement, high in measurement efficiency and is applicable to large-batch detection of the bearing block of the thrust ball bearing, and has time-saving and labor-saving effects.