The invention discloses a dynamic river bank woodland earth's surface-underwater water level monitoring device which comprises observation shaftways and hobo underwater water level recorders. The observation shaftways are pre-embedded at corresponding observation points of river bank woodland and are divided into ground portions and underground portions, the hobo underwater water level recorders are connected with steel wire ropes and then extend into the observation shaftways for different depths, and the other end of each steel wire rope is fixed to a well cover of a well opening at the upper end of the corresponding observation shaftway. By adopting the hobo underwater water level recorders, water level change is calculated according to data output by the recorders, dynamic change of the water level can be accurately measured in real time, and the problem that a traditional device cannot accurately and dynamically measure earth's surface-underwater water level is solved. The device is simple in overall structure, low in manufacturing cost, convenient to operate, light in weight and easy to install and transport and is convenient to maintain and manage and suitable for popularization and application.