The invention discloses a method for analyzing the components of an organic solvent sample. The method comprises the following steps: setting proper analysis parameters of GC-MS; absorbing an organic solvent sample to be measured by a microsyringe, then discharging all organic solvent sample until the volume is zero; inserting the microsyringe into the injection port of the GC-MS, lifting the push rod of the microsyringe until a certain amount of inner void volume is reached, pushing the push rod to inject sample into GC-MS through the injection port; collecting the chromatogram of the organic solvent sample by GC-MS; through GC-MS software and NIST spectrum base, analyzing the mass spectrums of chromatographic peaks of each component in the chromatogram, matching the mass spectrums with mass spectrums in the NIST spectrum base, determining the names of each component in the organic solvent sample; calculating the areas of chromatographic peaks of each component by the GC-MS software, and calculating the relative percentage contents of each component in the organic solvent sample by an area normalization method. The analysis method has the advantages that the sample does not need to be diluted, the impurity interference is avoided, the using amount of sample is little, the operation is simple and convenient, and the analysis speed is fast.