The invention discloses a solid insulation ring network cabinet partial discharge mode recognition method and device. The solid insulation ring network cabinet partial discharge mode recognition method comprises the following steps: setting training samples of characteristic parameters of a plurality of partial discharge signals; determining a separation hypersphere in each discharge mode according to the training samples and support vector descriptions, wherein each separation hypersphere contains all training samples in only one discharge mode; carrying out self-adaptive processing calculation by taking a current radius of each separation hypersphere as an initial value to obtain the optimal radius of each separation hypersphere, and thus obtaining the optimal hypersphere corresponding to each discharge mode; collecting an actual partial discharge signal, and acquiring the characteristic parameters in the actual partial discharge signal; and determining the optimal hypersphere where the characteristic parameters in the actual partial discharge signal are located, wherein the discharge mode corresponding to the optimal hypersphere is the discharge mode of the actual partial discharge signal. The solid insulation ring network cabinet partial discharge mode recognition method and device can judge the discharge mode of the actual partial discharge signal without considering the distribution rule of the characteristic parameters of the partial discharge signals, can process large sample data and are high in recognition accuracy.