The invention relates to an electric transmission line communication optical cable protecting structure. The electric transmission line communication optical cable protecting structure solves the shortcoming that communication optical cables in the prior art are easy to damage. According to the electric transmission line communication optical cable protecting structure, a first protecting sheath and a second protecting sheath achieves the effects of protecting a communication optical cable and preventing animals from nibbling the external layer of the communication cable to prolong the service life of the communication optical cable; a cable clamp is used for fixing the communication optical cable onto a fixing object; a rod piece and ball units arranged on the rod piece achieve the effects of preventing climbing of animals; the ball units and the rod piece are in clearance fit, the ball units can rotate on the rod piece, so that animals cannot stand on the ball units and further can be effectively prevented from climbing via the ball unit, wearing of the communication optical cable due to contact with other parts such as a pylon under external force can be avoided, and the service life of the communication optical cable can be prolonged.