The invention provides a seven-level inversion topological structure and an inverter. The seven-level inversion topological structure is characterized in that a first voltage dividing capacitor C1 and a second voltage dividing capacitor C2 are connected in series and then are connected between a first input end and a second input end in parallel; a blocking capacitor C3 has initial voltage; the structure comprises switching tubes T1 to T12; the T1 and the T2 are connected in series and then are connected with the C1 in parallel; the T3 and the T4 are connected in series and are connected with the C2 in parallel; an input end of the T5 is connected with an output end of the T1 and the input end of the T2; the output end of the T5 is connected with the output end of the T7 and the input end of the T8; the input end of the T6 is connected with the output end of the T9 and the input end of the T10; the output end of the T6 is connected with the output end of the T3 and the input end of the T4; the T7 and the T8, the T9 and the T10, and the T11 and the T12 are connected in series respectively and then are connected with the C3 in parallel; the output end of the T11 and the input end of the T12 are connected with a first output end; the output end of the T2 and the input end of the T3 are connected with a second output end; each switching tube is inversely connected with a diode in parallel. The seven-level inversion topological structure has the advantages of small quantity of the switching tubes, small quantity of the capacitors and simple structure.