The present invention addresses the problem of providing an air cleaning mechanism that allows a user to remove a dust container box easily and safely. An air cleaning mechanism 20 according to the present invention is provided with a body 22 and a dust container box 23. The body includes a dust trap portion 21 and catch portions Bl, Bc. The dust container box includes a dust container portion 231, locking portions 233f, and an operating portion 233a. The dust container portion serves to contain dust trapped by the dust trap portion. The locking portions can be locked onto the catch portions of the body. In a state in which the locking portions are locked onto the catch portions, the operation direction of the operating portion includes at least a downward component. When the operating portion is operated in the operation direction that includes the downward component, the locking portions become disconnected from the catch portions, thereby placing the dust container box in a state of being detachable from the body.