The invention discloses a test device and method for researching the tendency of fish to sounds and water flow selections. The test device for researching the tendency of fish to the sounds and water flow selections includes a fish tank, a water supply unit for supplying water to the fish tank, and a sound unit for generating an underwater sound field; the water supply unit is arranged an outer side of an inlet of the fish tank; the sound unit is arranged on the inlet of the fish tank; and the width of the fish is gradually increasing from the inlet to the outlet, and then a plurality of water flow cross sections with different flow velocity fields and sound fields are formed in the fish tank in the water flow direction. The test device is designed according to the sensibility of the fish to sounds and flow velocities, and the test device can solely test the tendency of the fish to the sounds or the water flow velocities, and can test the tendency of the fish to combinations of the sounds and the water flow velocities. The test device is simple in structure, is easy to operate, is high in accuracy, can provide technical support for a water construction fish driving measure design, can effectively protect the fish, and can relieve harmful effects of projects.