The invention discloses a high-filling embankment compactness detecting and settlement compensation method based on the InSAR technology. The method includes the following steps that 1, an SAR image of a high-filling embankment in construction is obtained; 2, DEM data of the high-filling embankment in construction is obtained; 3, the compactness of the high-filling embankment in construction is detected; 4, the initial volume and the initial compactness of the formed high-filling embankment are calculated; 5, an SAR image of the formed high-filling embankment in the settlement process is obtained; 6, DEM data of the formed high-filling embankment in the settlement process is obtained; 7, the volume loss and compactness of the formed high-filling embankment in the settlement process are obtained; 8, compensation of the formed high-filling embankment after settlement is conducted. The method is simple in step, the compactness of the high-filling embankment in construction and the volume loss and compactness of the formed high-filling embankment in the settlement process are accurately detected, the relationship between the volume loss of the formed high-filling embankment and the compactness of the high-filling embankment in construction is obtained, and a basis is provided for the compensation of the formed high-filling embankment after settlement.