The invention discloses a control system of an inclined and reciprocating inverse-pushing type garbage incinerator. The control system comprises a steam sensor arranged in a combustion chamber and used for detecting flow of main steam, a temperature sensor used for detecting the temperature of the combustion chamber as well as a first control module which is in signaling connection with the steam sensor and the temperature sensor and operating a feeder and fire grates when the main steam flow and the incinerator temperature are in preset ranges. According to the control system of the inclined and reciprocating inverse-pushing type garbage incinerator, the main steam flow in the combustion chamber and the furnace temperature are detected through the steam sensor and the temperature sensor, the current incineration environment of the incinerator is judged according to the detection values, the feeder and the fire grates are accurately controlled to perform corresponding operations through the first control module according to the incineration environment, the garbage incineration is ensured to be in an efficient operation state, and the garbage incineration efficiency of the incinerator is improved.