The invention relates to a fault study and judgment method for a communication network between a distribution master station and a power distribution terminal. The method is technically characterized in that: a set of general representation model is provided for various resources in the communication network between the distribution master station and the power distribution terminal, a distribution master station system issues a study and judgment instruction to a power distribution terminal communication access network comprehensive network management system by means of the model in a message interaction way, and an information transmission link among the distribution master station system, the power distribution terminal and the communication network is established, so that centralized acquisition and comprehensive management of the power distribution terminal, communication network management system equipment, communication channel resources and the like under the charge of the distribution master station system are realized, and an acquired communication network abnormal state is fed back to the distribution master station system immediately to perform fault study and judgment and location. A more comprehensive study and judgment method is provided for fault searching of the communication network between the distribution master station and the power distribution terminal, and safe and stable running of a power distribution network is ensured effectively.