The invention discloses a safe and reliable system and method for big data storage. The system comprises a front end collecting device, a wired/wireless transmission device and a rear-end data processing device which are sequentially connected. The front end collecting device comprises a data collecting module and an encryption module. The wired/wireless transmission device is used for sending enciphered data to the rear-end data processing device. The rear-end data processing device comprises a decoding module, a storage module and a fingerprint value database creation module. The storage module performs segmentation on objects in a content comparison mode after encryption to obtain a plurality of data fragments, establishes reverse phase reference to the objects by the data fragments, or uploads the data fragments and updates fingerprint values to a fingerprint value database. According to the safe and reliable system and method for big data storage, data storage is improved based on an existing encryption and decryption big data system, and a problem that a fixed partitioning form is used in the prior art, utilization times are extremely less, but plenty of space is still occupied, so that the overall utilization rate of the storage system is not high is solved.