The invention discloses an explosive deburring device. The explosive deburring device comprises an oxygen bottle, a hydrogen bottle and a sealed chamber, wherein the oxygen bottle communicates with the sealed chamber through an oxygen pipe; the hydrogen bottle communicates with the sealed chamber through a hydrogen pipe; a sparking plug is arranged inside the sealed chamber; a buffering cavity is arranged at the bottom of the sealed chamber; the explosive deburring device further comprises a rotary shaft; the rotary shaft penetrates through the bottom of the sealed chamber and is in rotary connection with the bottom of the sealed chamber; an objective table is arranged at the end, inside the sealed chamber, of the rotary shaft; the end, inside the buffering cavity, of the rotary shaft is sleeved with an impeller; and the buffering cavity communicates with the sealed chamber through a pipeline. The explosive deburring device of the structure can effectively improve the deburring efficiency and effect, and accordingly the machining quality of parts is improved.