The invention discloses a pneumatic shot conveying device comprising a collecting box, a shot blasting gun and a main communication guide pipe, and the collecting box is connected with the shot blasting gun by the main communication guide pipe. The pneumatic shot conveying device is characterized in that an introduction hole is formed in the collecting box and is connected with a conveying guide pipe; the conveying guide pipe is connected with an air source; a feeding hole and an air supply air valve for opening/closing air supply are arranged on the conveying guide pipe; and the opening/closing state of the air supply air valve is consistent with that of the shot blasting gun. Air blowing can be automatically started to convey shots during shot blasting production of the blasting gun, the air source can be automatically closed to stop conveying the shots when the shot blasting work of the blasting gun stops, the air source is not wasted, and therefore, the belt conveying link can be omitted.