The invention provides a multi-cavity dual-piston-rod multifunctional hydraulic device which comprises a middle cylinder body of a cut-through structure, a left hydraulic mechanism and a right hydraulic mechanism. The middle cylinder body is provided with a middle hydraulic connector. The left hydraulic mechanism and the right hydraulic mechanism are arranged on the two sides of the middle cylinder body correspondingly. The left hydraulic mechanism is provided with a left control assembly, and the right hydraulic mechanism is provided with a right control assembly. Compared with the prior art, the multi-cavity dual-piston-rod multifunctional hydraulic device has the following advantages that a cavity of a left cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder communicates with a cavity of the middle cylinder body, movement of a piston rod of the left cylinder body can be controlled independently when the cavity of the middle cylinder body is isolated from the cavity of a right cylinder body; the cavity of the right cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder communicates with the cavity of the middle cylinder body, and movement of a piston rod of the right cylinder body can be controlled independently when the cavity of the middle cylinder body is isolated from the cavity of the left cylinder body; and 3, when the corresponding cavities of the left, right and middle cylinder bodies of the hydraulic cylinder communicate with one another, the piston rods in the left and right cavities of the hydraulic cylinder can stretch out or retract at the same time.