The invention discloses a mobile low-voltage power distribution cabinet installation structure, which comprises a cabinet body and an installation plate. The inner top portion of the cabinet body is provided with an upper protruding plate; the inner bottom portion of the cabinet body is provided with a lower protruding plate; and the installation plate is arranged between the upper protruding plate and the lower protruding plate. The top portion and the bottom portion of the installation plate are symmetrically and respectively provided with two stand columns. The upper protruding plate is provided with a groove matched with each stand column in the place of the each stand column. The front end of each groove is provided with a quick locking device. The quick locking device comprises a stand column safety lock. The middle portion of the stand column safety lock is arc in shape. The stand column safety lock is connected to the upper protruding plate at one side of the corresponding groove through a hinge column. The stand column safety lock is fixed to the upper protruding plate at the other side of the corresponding groove through a lock nut. The side walls at the two sides of the cabinet body are respectively and movably equipped with a handle. The bottom portion of the cabinet body is fixedly provided with roller assemblies. The mobile low-voltage power distribution cabinet installation structure is reasonable in design, and improves installation work efficiency of the installation plate; and meanwhile, the installation plate is fixedly assistantly through rivets, thereby preventing shaking of the installation plate, and improving cabinet mobile stability and bearing capability.