The invention relates to a drill collar and a measurement method, in particular to an anti-wear drill collar for measurement while drilling and a measurement method, and belongs to the technical field of downhole detection. The drill collar comprises annular-structured coils which are axially installed on drill collar bodies, and radomes with insulating rings are arranged at the outer ends of the coils; wear-resistant bands of which the diameter becomes larger are arranged on the portions, near the radomes, of the outer walls of the drill collar bodies. Accordingly, the drill collar has the following advantages that by means of the design of multiple wear-resistant ring structures and connectors, wear of electrodes can be prevented, the service life is prolonged, and the drilling efficiency is improved; the split type design is adopted, all circuit devices are reasonably arranged, part of modules are convenient to replace, the maintenance efficiency is improved, the drilling waiting time is shortened, and the drilling cost is reduced.