The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to an automatic puncture and analog sampling device for a vacuum blood collection tube. The device comprises a master control plate, an upper sliding mechanism, a lower sliding mechanism, a sampling needle clamp, a sampling needle, a blood collection tube holder, an installation plate, a hose and a wide-mouth bottle. The upper sliding mechanism and the lower sliding mechanism are arranged perpendicular to each other. The upper sliding mechanism comprises a first motor, a first lead screw, a first sliding block, a first sliding rail and a first proximity sensor. The lower sliding mechanism comprises a second motor, a second lead screw, a second sliding block, a second sliding rail and a second proximity sensor. The first proximity sensor, the second proximity sensor, the first motor and the second motor are all connected with the master control plate. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the vacuum blood collection tube can automatically realize the puncture and the analog sampling in a closed environment. Therefore, the device lays a foundation for the invention of air pressure automatic analog equipment used for detecting the negative-pressure capacity of a vacuum blood collection tube.