The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering and bridge engineering, in particular to a novel shock absorption oil damper. The vertical length is shorter, and the damper is convenient to install and use; when a vertical earthquake occurs, an upper structure of an isolation layer drives a ball screw to an up-and-down motion; according to the working principle of the ball screw, the vertical force is transformed into the torque; a damping baffle of a rotating blade is subjected to a circular motion through the drive of horizontal steel girders, and viscous oil which is arranged between clamping grooves of a steel drum base penetrate through stranded holes in the rotating blade; a vertical damping function can be provided, the function of energy dissipation and shock absorption is achieved, accordingly, through the dissipation of the light vertical earthquake effect, and safety of an upper structure is guaranteed.