The invention relates to a quick all-season refrigerant filling and recycling system for a compressor test system. The quick all-season refrigerant filling and recycling system comprises a compressing and condensing unit and a refrigerant storage tank. When refrigerant is filled, an inlet of the compressing and condensing unit communicates with a gas-phase refrigerant interface formed in the compressor test system, an outlet of the compressing and condensing unit communicates with the refrigerant storage tank, the refrigerant storage tank communicates with a liquid-phase refrigerant interface formed in the compressor test system, and a heating device which is used for heating and gasifying liquid-phase refrigerant is arranged in the refrigerant storage tank; when the refrigerant is recycled, the inlet of the compressing and condensing unit communicates with the refrigerant storage tank, the outlet of the compressing and condensing unit communicates with the gas-phase refrigerant interface, the liquid-phase refrigerant interface communicates with the refrigerant storage tank, and a cooling device which is used for cooling the liquid-phase refrigerant is arranged in the refrigerant storage tank. According to the quick all-season refrigerant filling and recycling system, the defect that the compressing and condensing unit cannot be started or the refrigerant is slowly recycled in extreme weather conditions is overcome, and the all-season refrigerant filling and recycling of the compressor test system can be quickly realized by virtue of the heating device or the cooling device.