The invention discloses an image processing method and device that are used for suppressing image noise amplification effects when image display effects are improved, and therefore image displaying effects can be improved. The method comprises the following steps: an image, collected via an X ray safety device, of a detected package is obtained; Iobj(x, y) is obtained after background noise suppression is performed via I(x, y), Iedge(x, y) is obtained after edge detail enhancing operation is performed via Iobj(x, y), a material information image Imat(x, y) corresponding to Iobj(x, y) is obtained from a double energy X ray material characteristic database, Imat-mean(x, y) is obtained after Imat(x, y) is subjected to self-adaption filtering and smoothing operation, a double energy X ray color characteristic database is queried according to Iedge(x, y) and Imat-mean(x, y), and an image Ishow(x, y) to be displayed corresponding to the detected package is obtained and output. Via adoption of the method provided in the invention, amplifying effects on background noise by the edge detail enhancement are checked while image displaying effects are improved, and the mage displaying effects are improved.