The present invention relates to an aluminum stabilizer superconducting Rutherford cable. The cable is characterized in that the cable comprises superconducting Rutherford cable lines and an aluminum stabilizer; the surfaces of the superconducting Rutherford cable lines are continuously wrapped with the aluminum stabilizer; the single stranded wire of the superconducting Rutherford cable line is a NbTi/Cu, Nb3Sn/Cu or Bi2212 superconducting wire. A plurality of strands of superconducting wires are released by uniformly-distributed pay-off devices on a stranding cage disc; the superconducting wires are shaped into a conical tube-shaped structure through a wire bunching device; the conical tube-shaped structure is stranded on the surface of a core rod, so that a helical tube-shaped structure can be formed; the superconducting wire helical tube is removed from the core rod and is subjected to the continuous rolling of a roller; and therefore, the superconducting Rutherford cable line can be formed. According to the aluminum stabilizer, an aluminum stabilizer material enters an extrusion mould through the groove of an extrusion wheel; and the aluminum stabilizer material continuously coats the outer surfaces of the superconducting Rutherford cable lines through a combination mould; and the superconducting Rutherford cable lines enter the extrusion mould along the tangential direction of the extrusion wheel. The aluminum stabilizer superconducting Rutherford cable of the invention has the advantages of high current density and high mechanical strength under low-temperature and high-field strength conditions.