The invention discloses a high-density low-solid-phase drilling fluid comprising 1-2% of bentonite, 1-3% of a starch-series fluid loss additive, 1-3% of a cellulose-series fluid loss additive, 1-3% of vegetable gum, 1-3% of a corrosion inhibitor, 1-2% of magnesium oxide, 0.1-0.5% of a deoxidant, 1-5% of fine-mesh calcium, 50-65% of calcium chloride and 40-140% of calcium bromide. The high-density low-solid-phase drilling fluid has strong inhibition property, low solid phase content, strong anti-salt-pollution capability and good reservoir protection effect, and can be used for reservoir protected well drilling in a strong water-sensitive formation.