The invention discloses a vascular intervention injection catheter capable of preventing error thrombosis caused by reflux and backflow, and belongs to the field of medical catheters. The injection catheter comprises a catheter body part, wherein the catheter body part is provided with a hollow structure which extends in a length direction; an expandable and contractable catheter wall section is arranged at one end of the catheter body part; the expandable and contractable catheter wall section is connected to an inner cavity contracted thin end; and an air embolism preventing connector is connected to the other end of the catheter body part. The catheter provided by the invention can cause deformation in accordance with pressure change in an adaptive mode; the catheter has an effect of preventing reflux and backflow; meanwhile, due to the design of the air embolism preventing connector, the formation of air embolism is prevented; and in addition, the catheter is simple in structure, low in manufacturing difficulty and cost and convenient to operate and use.