The invention provides a dustproof accelerograph portable box which comprises a main box body and a box cap. The main box body is internally provided with a vice box body. The upper edge of the vice box body is provided with an upper lap joint edge body in an outward extending mode, and a lower lap joint edge body is arranged at the top of the side wall of the main box body in an inward extending mode. The upper lap joint edge body is superposed on the lower lap joint edge body and connected with the lower lap joint edge body through bolts. The vice box body is internally provided with a lower buffering block, and the box cap is internally provided with an upper buffering block. An up-down buckled accelerograph accommodation cavity is formed by the lower buffering block and the upper buffering block. The outer side wall of the main box body is provided with a telescopic storage plate. The lower end of the telescopic storage plate is rotatably connected with a box body. The upper end of the telescopic storage plate and the side wall of the main box body are provided with magnets which are in attractive fit. The main box and the front side wall of the box cap are provided with connecting lock catches. The dustproof accelerograph portable box has the beneficial effects that the portable box is reasonable in structural design, capable of conveniently carrying an accelerograph, good in shock absorption effect and dustproof effect and capable of being rapidly erected at a monitoring site, and working efficiency is improved.