The invention discloses a power grid equipment accident processing decision-making device and method based on data analysis. The device comprises an accident analysis decision-making platform and a background monitoring system. The device can realize automatic monitoring of power grid equipment. When an abnormal accident happens, the decision-making platform receives a partial protection action signal and a switch position-change signal obtained after screening and filtering; a printer is linked to print a fault message list; and a video monitoring system carries out image positioning according to electrical changes of the equipment, and uploads an accident position state image to the decision-making platform in real time. The device can improve emergency judgment capability of field staffs for accidents, and can judge fault property accurately and quickly and report the fault in time, thereby reducing accident treatment flow and reducing power failure time and power supply loss.