The invention discloses a quick-cleaned extruder screw cylinder. The quick-cleaned extruder screw cylinder comprises an U-shaped base; the U-shaped base is provided with an U-shaped groove; at least three lower half charging barrels are near fixed in the U-shaped groove; at least three mobile charging barrels are respectively opposite to the lower half charging barrels, and are near slidingly arranged in the U-shaped groove front and back; the top surface of the U-shaped groove is fixed with a top cover plate; the top cover plate is fixed with at least three up-down moving devices at intervals; a top jacket is movably connected with a pull rod; the pull rod penetrates through the top cover plate to couple with the up-down moving devices; the mobile charging barrels positioned at the front end of the U-shaped groove are slidingly arranged in vertical chutes; the vertical chutes are arranged in the U-shaped groove in parallel; and a pressing flange is fixed at the tail end of the U-shaped groove. The quick-cleaned extruder screw cylinder can be convenient to physically clean the internals of the charging barrels, and can control the temperature in a segmented manner; and a screw extruder is convenient to frequently replace materials.