The invention provides a shock absorption device of a traction mechanism of an elevator. The shock absorption device comprises a first connecting member, a plurality of middle damping devices and a second connecting member. The shock absorption device is characterized in that the first connecting member is mounted below a base, the middle damping devices are located between the first connecting member and the second connecting member, and the second connecting member is fixed above a bearing beam; a length direction of the first connecting member is parallel to side edges of the base, and the length of the first connecting member is consistent with that of the side edges of the base; both front and rear ends of the first connecting member are in an open state, the first connecting member consists of a substrate and side plates, the substrate is placed at the bottom of the base, the side plates are arranged in bilateral symmetry along the length direction of the first connecting member, connecting holes which are used for mounting fixing members are separately formed in the two ends of the substrate, and the substrate is connected with the base through the fixing members. The shock absorption device provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that through three layers of damping devices, the shock absorption efficiency of the traction mechanism is effectively increased, and the safety of the elevator is improved.