The invention provides an oxidation regeneration method of an alkali liquid containing low concentration sodium mercaptide. The content of sodium mercaptide in the sodium mercaptide-containing alkali liquid is not more than 0.1 wt%. The method comprises the following steps: the alkali liquid and oxygen-rich air respectively enter a hypergravity reactor and undergo a reaction; the sodium mercaptide is oxidized without a catalyst to generate disulfide, and at least a part of the disulfide volatilizes into tail gas; and the regenerated alkali liquid and the tail gas flow carrying gaseous disulfide respectively leave the hypergravity reactor. The method adopts the hypergravity reactor to replace a traditional oxidation tower, so the deep oxidation of the sodium mercaptide is realized; the oxygen-rich air with the oxygen volume percentage being not less than 35% is used as an oxidant, so the oxidation rate is further improved; cobalt phthalocyanine catalysts are not added, so the catalyst cost is saved; and a large air/liquid ratio under a stable state condition is adopted to realize effective separation of the disulfide and the alkali liquid, so the disulfide separation process is omitted, and almost no waste alkali liquid is not generated in the process.