The invention relates to an intelligent file caching method based on network awareness and a coverage rate threshold matrix. The method comprises: acquiring and preprocessing user data and the attribute data of a data file based on network awareness, determining the source node of the cached data file, dynamically updating the coverage rate threshold matrix, and placing all nodes satisfying an inactivated condition in the network in an inactivated node set Pinactive; enabling the inactivated nodes Vi to determine the type of a signalling to be executed after receiving the signalling; enabling the inactive nodes Vi to execute the signalling based on the type of signaling, to calculate the node coverage rate of a current file in neighbor nodes, and to send the signalling to the neighbor nodes according to node priorities if the node coverage rate is greater than a coverage rate threshold so as to meet a coverage rate requirement until a file caching termination condition is satisfied. The method solves low content caching efficiency, lack of individuation, and insufficiency in timeliness in the prior art.