The invention relates to a high efficiency rapid Dendranthema morifolium straight cut cultivation method, and belongs to the plant cultivation technology field; the method comprises the following 6 steps: cuttingwood selection, cuttingwood pretreatment, cuttingwood refrigeration, nursery garden arrangement, cuttingwood colonization and after-colonization management; the method uses the cuttingwood pretreatment and cuttingwood refrigeration steps to enable the Dendranthema morifolium to fast grow roots, thus improving the disease resistance ability, and the refrigerated cuttingwood straight cut root system is 2-4cm in 7 days after colonization; in addition, the method can shorten the Dendranthema morifolium growth period by 15 days without affecting the Dendranthema morifolium ornamental effect, thus enabling the Dendranthema morifolium to bloom in advance, saving transplanting labor force, greatly reducing production cost, prolonging chrysanthemum flowering phase, and providing better economic benefits.