The invention belongs to the field of bionic materials, and particularly speaking, discloses a method for predicting the friction coefficient of a bionic material with softness and hardness alternated morphology. The method comprises the following steps of a step I, determining the friction coefficients and the elasticity moduli of two materials with the different elasticity moduli; through a friction test, determining the friction coefficient fs of a soft material and the friction coefficient fh of a hard material; obtaining the elasticity modulus Es of the soft material and the elasticity modulus Eh of the hard material through a tensile test; a step II, determining the superficial area ratio c% of the soft material; a step III, determining the friction coefficient of the bionic material with the softness and hardness alternated morphology. By using the method, the friction coefficient of the bionic material with the softness and hardness alternated morphology can be conveniently and quickly predicted through a few matrix performance parameters of the soft and hard materials; in comparison with the way that an experimental means is used for directly measuring the friction coefficient of the bionic material with the softness and hardness alternated morphology, the cost is low; further, the method is difficultly influenced by plenty accidental factors in a testing process.