The invention discloses a real-time lighting control system of an ecosystem and a real-time lighting control method. The real-time lighting control system includes a computer device, multiple lighting devices and multiple wireless base stations. The lighting devices and the wireless base stations are arranged in multiple lighting regions of an indoor space. Each wireless base station emits a wireless signal continuously, and controls one or more connected lighting devices when receiving a lighting control signal. The computer device senses the wireless signals continuously, and keeps determining its position at the different time points according to the received wireless signals and the arranged positions of the wireless base stations. Next, the computer selects one of the lighting regions according to space information and the determined positions, and sends the lighting control signal to one of the wireless base stations arranged in the selected lighting region. The system can effectively provide lighting according to positions of users, to prevent electric power waste.