The invention provides a dust removing and filtering device which comprises a dust removal cavity, a fan arranged in the dust removal cavity, an air guide mechanism and a multistage filtering assembly. The fan is provided with a dust suction opening and a dust outlet opposite to the dust suction opening. The fan is constructed to suck dust from the dust suction opening into the fan and blows the dust out of the dust outlet. The air guide mechanism is arranged in the dust removal cavity, is close to one side of the dust outlet, and is used for guiding the dust into the dust removal cavity in a cyclone mode. The multistage filtering assembly is arranged in the dust removal cavity and used for carrying out grading filtering on the dust blown out by the air guide mechanism according to the particle size of the dust. According to the dust removing and filtering device, due to the fact that the fan and the air guide device are arranged, the dust can enter the dust removal cavity in the cyclone mode, that is, the dust is centrifuged, then grading filtering is carried out through the multistage filtering assembly in the dust removal cavity, therefore, the dust is thoroughly filtered out, the filtering efficiency is greatly improved, and the effect is remarkably improved.