The invention relates to a novel fireproof escape capsule which can insulate an external fire source and improve the survival rate of trapped persons. The novel fireproof escape capsule comprises a shell, a first heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner side face of the shell, a supporting part is arranged on the bottom face of the first heat insulation layer, an escape capsule body is arranged on the supporting part, a water storage cavity is formed in a space between the escape capsule body and the first heat insulation layer, a water tank and a first fireproof box are arranged on the top face of the shell, a first control device, a first battery, a first temperature sensor and a first water pump are arranged in the first fireproof box, the input end of the first water pump is communicated with an inner cavity of the water tank through a water pipe, the output end of the first water pump is communicated with the water storage cavity through a water pipe, a second temperature sensor is arranged in the water storage cavity, a second fireproof box is arranged on the outer side face of the shell, a second control device, a second battery and a second water pump are arranged in the second fireproof box, the input end of the second water pump is communicated with the water storage cavity through a water pipe, and the output end of the second water pump is communicated with an outer space through a water pipe.