The invention relates to a common-tower double-circuit line vertical fault zero sequence pilot protection error operation prevention method. The method comprises steps that zero sequence criteria are constructed and comprise main zero sequence direction criteria and zero sequence current start criteria; negative sequence criteria are constructed and comprise negative sequence direction auxiliary criteria, negative sequence compensation voltage start criteria, negative sequence current start criteria and a negative sequence voltage threshold; if the zero sequence criteria and the negative sequence criteria are simultaneously satisfied, a fault is determined to be a positive direction fault; if the zero sequence criteria are satisfied, the negative sequence current start criteria are not satisfied, and the negative sequence voltage threshold is satisfied, and the fault is determined to be an internal fault of an outgoing wire of a weak power source and is further a positive direction fault; if two ends of the line are determined to have positive direction faults, an internal ground fault of the line is generated, and a protection outlet is tripped. The method is advantaged in that through introducing negative sequence components and improving a compensation voltage, a zero sequence pilot protection error operation problem of a healthy line during generation of the common-tower double-circuit line vertical fault can be effectively prevented.