The invention discloses an abnormal data analysis and fault positioning system of first-aid repair of a power distribution network and a method. The system comprises a power distribution network first-aid repair command platform which is connected with an intelligent public transformation monitoring system, an intelligent comprehensive leakage protector power distribution automation system, a 95598 system, an onsite line patrol monitoring device and an electricity utilization information acquisition system. The power distribution network first-aid repair command platform is used for distributing unique ID numbers to the power distribution automation system, the 95598 system, the onsite line patrol monitoring device and the electricity utilization information acquisition system respectively. Attributes of fault positioning schemes are gathered according to the fault positioning schemes, and each ID number is bonded a matched fault positioning scheme in the corresponding fault positioning scheme. Information transmitted by the power distribution automation system, the 95598 system, the onsite line patrol monitoring device and the electricity utilization information acquisition system are received and associated with corresponding ID numbers for classified storage. Fault positioning is performed on the information with the same ID numbers and positioning results are output.