The invention discloses a method using catechol chelating resin as the simulated moving bed fixed phase to separate boron isotopes. The method includes the steps of firstly, filtering a boric acid aqueous solution and a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with filter membranes to remove impurities, and performing ultrasonic degassing; secondly, separating a simulated moved bed into I-IV areas, wherein each area comprises 3-7 chromatographic columns; using the catechol chelating resin as the simulated moving bed fixed phase; setting the flow rate of the I-IV areas, and setting port switching time and operation temperature; continuously adding the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution into the chromatographic columns of the simulated moving bed, eluting with the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, colleting the boric acid aqueous solution enriched with the isotope 11B at the extraction port of the simulated moving bed after the simulated moving bed reaches a balanced state, and collecting the boric acid aqueous solution enriched with the isotope 10B at an extraction raffinate port. The method has the advantages that the method is simple to operate, high in separation efficiency and capable of effectively lowering cost and has high boron isotope factors, and the enriching degree of the 10B obtained by separation can reach 92.01% or above.