The invention provides a multichannel chip temperature measurement circuit and a multichannel chip temperature measurement method, wherein the multichannel chip temperature measurement circuit and the multichannel chip temperature measurement method relate to the field of chip measurement technology. In the multichannel chip temperature measurement circuit, at least two temperature sensing units are arranged at to-be-measured positions of a measured chip. Each temperature sensing unit comprises a first program controlled switch, a second program controlled switch, a temperature sensing element and a controller connecting end. After the first end of the first program controlled switch is connected with the first end of the second program controlled switch, the parallelly connected first ends are connected with the first end of the temperature sensor element. The second end of the first program controlled switch is used as the current input end of the temperature sensing unit and is connected with the first end of an adjustable current source. The second end of the second program controlled switch is connected with a voltage output end. The voltage output end is connected with the first input end of a voltage measuring device. The control end of the first program controlled switch and the control end of the second program controlled switch are connected with the controller connecting end. The controller connecting end is connected with an external controller. The second end of the temperature sensor element is connected with a common end. The common end is connected with the second input end of the voltage measuring device.