A voltage oscillation frequency-based grounding electrode line overvoltage breakdown point positioning method disclosed by the present invention orderly comprises the following steps of 1 selecting the fault grounding electrode lines, according to the prony signal analysis, obtaining an oscillation frequency fz of a fault voltage waveform after the overvoltage breakdown; 2 according to a transfer function of the head-end voltages of the grounding electrode lines, obtaining a relation curve between the voltage oscillation frequencies fz and the grounding electrode line inductances L; 3 according to the relation curve between the voltage oscillation frequencies fz and the grounding electrode line inductances L in the step 2, obtaining the grounding electrode line inductance L corresponding to the oscillation frequency fz; 4 traversing the grounding electrode line equivalent impedances corresponding to different fault distances, and obtaining a relation curve between the grounding electrode line inductances and the fault distances; 5 according to the relation curve between the grounding electrode line inductances and the fault distances in the step 4, obtaining the fault distance d corresponding to the grounding electrode line inductance L3, thereby realizing the overvoltage breakdown point positioning.