The invention relates to a driver identity authorization system for a shared vehicle. The system at least comprises an intelligent terminal which is carried by a non-specific user and is in an intelligent communication equipment form as well as a vehicle device provided with vehicle-mounted equipment. A user utilizes the interaction of the intelligent terminal and the vehicle-mounted equipment to acquire the using permission of the shared vehicle. The vehicle-mounted equipment at least comprises an identification module, a verification module, a test terminal and an authorization module, wherein the identification module is used for starting the system; the verification module is used for calculating a first safety level parameter based on the extracted historical driving information of the user and the detected real-time physiological information of the user; the test terminal is used for testing the driving capability of the user by showing a simulated road to the user as well as calculating a second safety level parameter based on the indexes acquired by classified analysis of the driving capability of the user; and the authorization module is used for determining the driving permission of the user based on the first safety level parameter and the second safety level parameter by adopting a weighting method as well as adjusting the user authorization based on the driving permission.