The invention discloses a device, a system and a method for replacing a furnace column of a coking furnace. The device comprises a fixing unit, a limiting unit and a support, wherein the fixing unit is used for fixing the support of the device; the front end of the limiting unit is provided with a furnace column limiting part which is used for limiting a moving furnace column in a process of replacing the furnace column; the rear end of the limiting unit is movably connected with the support, and the furnace column limiting part is used for adjusting relative motion between the limiting unit and the support and controlling motion speed and direction of replacement of the furnace column. According to the system disclosed by the invention, hoisting is carried out by a winch, inclined pulling and hanging can be avoided, and security operation is facilitated; a large-scale crane is not used, so that machine-shift expense is reduced. The method is simple, convenient to implement and low in cost, and can be popularized to replacement construction of the furnace column of the coking furnace of any specification.