The invention discloses dust removal and purification equipment for a large combustor. The dust removal and purification equipment comprises a boiler, a smoke exhaust pipeline connected with the boiler, and a water pool, wherein the smoke exhaust pipeline comprises a first dust removal pipeline, a second dust removal pipeline, a first purification pipeline and a second purification pipeline which are sequentially connected, a plurality of water mist nozzles are formed in one side of each of the first dust removal pipeline and the second dust removal pipeline, and are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the dust removal pipelines, and a gas purifier is arranged in each of the first purification pipeline and the second purification pipeline; and each gas purifier comprises four square purification pipes which are linearly arranged, a heat-insulation layer is arranged outside the square purification pipes and used for integrally surrounding the four square purification pipes, a layer of steel plate is further arranged outside the heat-insulation layer, and flame nozzles are formed outside the square purification pipes at certain intervals in the longitudinal direction of the square purification pipes. The dust removal and purification equipment disclosed by the invention is capable of effectively eliminating the smoke and poisonous and harmful gases generated by the combustion of the boiler.