The invention discloses a single-driving type pure rotating and micro-positioning platform. The single-driving type pure rotating and micro-positioning platform comprises an active driving mechanism and a passive compliance mechanism, wherein the active driving mechanism comprises a base I, and a guide mechanism which is driven through piezoelectric ceramics; each of two ends of the guide mechanism is connected with a vertical reversing amplifying mechanism; the vertical reversing amplifying mechanisms are connected to lever amplifying mechanisms I through flexible connecting blocks, and moving connecting blocks I are arranged at output ends of the lever amplifying mechanisms I; the passive compliance mechanism comprises a base II which is connected to be above the base I; a moving platform is arranged in the base II and is connected to the base II through an upper reinforcing plate spring and a lower reinforcing plate spring; each of the upper end and the lower end of the moving platform is provided with an input end which is connected with an output end of a movement transmission flexible rod; the input end; the input end of the movement transmission flexible rod is connected with the output end of one lever amplifying mechanism II; the input end of each lever amplifying mechanism II is provided with a moving connecting block II which is connected to the corresponding moving connecting block I. The single-driving type pure rotating and micro-positioning platform is simple and convenient to control, and high in rotating accuracy.