The invention discloses an elevating linkage type drive device comprising a bracket with a vertical beam arranged in the middle, elevation mechanisms arranged at the two sides of the vertical beam of the bracket, and locking mechanisms for locking lower ends of two support arms tightly to prevent separation. Translation drive mechanisms include linkage pins, fan-shaped gear wheels, and racks; each linkage pin is fixedly arranged at one side of each carrying plate and extends horizontally; the fan-shaped gear wheels fixedly arranged at the bracket in a rotatable manner are provided with guiding slots matching the linkage pins; and the racks are engaged with the fan-shaped gear wheels and are fixedly connected with to-be-driven translation parts. According to the invention, actuator mechanisms are arranged at the liftable carrying plates, so that the height space is utilized fully and the actuating mechanisms are simplified. Moreover, with linkage of the elevation mechanisms and the translation drive mechanisms, synchronous driving of the to-be-driven translation parts is realized, so that overall designing can be realized conveniently and the usage security can be improved.