The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-performance permanent magnet. Provided is a permanent magnet, comprising a composition represented by a composition formula of RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t (wherein R is at least one element selected from the rare earth elements, M is at least one element selected from a group formed from Zr, Ti, and Hf, p is a number which satisfies 10.8 <= p <= 12.5atom%, q is a number which satisfies 25 <= q <= 40atom%, r is a number which satisfies 0.88 <= r <= 4.3atom%, and t is a number which satisfies 3.5 <= t <= 13.5atom%); and a metallographic structure including a main phase having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase. Of the grains which configure the main phase, the proportion of grains having a grain diameter of 10 mum or less is 5% or less, and the proportion of grains having a crystal orientation which is perpendicular to the Th2Zn17 crystal phase (001) plane in directions 30 degrees or more from the easy axis of magnetization is 40% or less.