The invention provides a tower type solar light-heat power generation system with carbon dioxide as a heat-storage and acting working medium and belongs to the technical field of solar heat power generation. The tower type solar light-heat power generation system comprises a tower type heat collector, a hot salt tank, a heat exchanger, a cold salt tank, a preheater, a high-temperature carbon dioxide storage tank, a low-temperature carbon dioxide storage tank, a steam turbine and a power generator, and the steam turbine is connected with the power generator; and the tower type heat collector, the hot salt tank, the heat exchanger, the cold salt tank and the preheater form a heat collection loop, hot melting salt exchanges heat to the carbon dioxide in the heat exchanger, finally the high-temperature carbon dioxide is delivered to the steam turbine to conduct acting, and meanwhile the high-temperature carbon dioxide storage tank is utilized for storing the carbon dioxide with the heat being exchanged and used for delivering the high-temperature carbon dioxide to the steam turbine for acting in the nighttime or when sunlight is deficient. The system is compact in equipment and simple in arrangement, heat efficiency of a power plant is improved, the gathered carbon dioxide is sufficiently utilized, emission of the carbon dioxide is reduced, and meanwhile the carbon dioxide working medium is directly utilized for power generation.