The invention discloses a vehicle positioning method and system based on an image recognition technology. The method includes: A, shooting an image of a surrounding located vehicle through an image acquisition device arranged on a current vehicle; B, recognizing the shot image through an image recognition method, and obtaining a license plate area and a license plate number; and C, calculating the position of the located vehicle through the position of the license plate area in the image and the position of the current vehicle, and uploading the position of the located vehicle and the corresponding license plate number to a cloud data center for saving. According to the vehicle positioning method, the difficulty of vehicle positioning implementation is greatly reduced, any equipment on the located vehicle and dependency conditions are not depended so that factors including damage, shielding or dismounting of equipment do not need to be considered, and fluid data acquisition is performed so that reticular three-dimensional data acquisition of the vehicles without any positioning equipment can be realized.