The invention discloses a car air outlet structure with cover vanes, comprising a mounting channel which is fixedly mounted in a wall and communicates with an air outlet as well as an air outlet protective cover, wherein the air outlet protective cover comprises a rail, a ventilation duct is arranged in the middle of the rail, two sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in the lower end wall of the rail, connecting grooves for the ventilation duct are formed in the inner edge walls of the two sliding grooves, a sliding block is slideably mounted in each sliding groove, a driving member is slideably mounted in each connecting groove, each driving member is fixedly connected with the inner edge of each sliding block, inner bulges are arranged in the mounting channel, a ring groove is formed at the part, above each inner bulge, in the mounting channel, a toothed wheel is fixedly mounted at the inner edge of each ring groove, and retention teeth meshed with each toothed wheel are arranged at the outer side of each sliding block.